Transistor definition for dummies6/17/2023 Base: The size of the base region is extremely small, it is less than emitter as well as the collector.The size of the emitter is more than base but less than the collector. This is because the work of the emitter is to supply charge carrier to the collector via the base. Emitter: Emitter terminal is the heavily doped region as compared two base and collector.I intend to explain the working of the transistor with the help of these paramount parameters.īefore I delve into the working details of the transistor, let’s understand these three significant terminals of the transistor and their characteristics. One is the Emitter-base junction, and the other is Collector- base junction. Thus, there are two junctions of the transistors. Thus, as there are three terminals of the transistor, i.e. The transistor as its names suggests transfer resistance from one channel to other channels. We will discuss functions of these three terminals in the working of the transistor.Ī transistor is a semiconductor device, so the semiconductor material used in its construction can be either germanium or silicon, but silicon is preferred over germanium because it possesses smaller cutoff current. The three terminals have specific names that are as follows:. The transistor formed in the former case will be NPN transistor and that formed in the latter case is PNP transistor. We can use either sandwiched P-type layer of the semiconductor between two N-type semiconductors or by sandwiching N-type layer between two P-type semiconductor specimen. A diode is two terminal device, thus, if we merge the two diodes provided that one terminal is common, the resulting device will comprise of three terminals. Let’s discuss constructional features of the transistor, how this 3 terminal device is formed. Now, all the computing devices are available in small size which we can easily carry with us anywhere. In the year 1947, John Bardeen along with William Shockley & Brattain invented the transistor. But this all has become possible with the invention of the transistor. Obviously, to work with it is a cumbersome process.įortunately, we have compact size processing system in the contemporary world. Now you can imagine what will happen if the entire room consists of a single processing system. This is because devices such as computers were entirely based on them.īut the problem started with their size which can capture the entire room. In the beginning of 20 th century when the vacuum triode was invented, it was considered as the significant development in the field of electronics. Transistors are an essentialĬomponent in many circuits and are sometimes used to amplify a signal.Let me explain this with the subvention of history. The resistor is present to protect the transistor as they can be damagedĮasily by too high a voltage / current. The transistor has to receive a voltage at its ‘ base’ and until The transistor then allows current toįlow from the +9 volts to the 0vs, and the lamp comes on. When the switch is pressed a current passes through the resistor into The circuit shown in diagram B is based on an NPN transistor. A small current or voltage at the base allows a larger voltage to flow through the other two leads When buying a transistor, directions will normally state clearly which lead is the BASE, EMITTER or COLLECTOR.ĭiagram 'A' shows an NPN transistor which is The leads on a transistor may not always be in this arrangement. The ‘tab’ on the type shown to the left is usually next to the They are notĪlways set out as shown in the diagrams to the left and right, although The diagram below shows the symbol of an NPN transistor. The EMITTER - which is the negative lead. The COLLECTOR - which is the positive lead. The BASE - which is the lead responsible for activating the transistor. Transistors are manufactured in different shapes but There are hundreds of transistors which workĪt different voltages but all of them fall into these two categories. They areĬentral to electronics and there are two main types NPN and PNP. Technology Department does not contain at least one transistor. They are used in a variety of circuitsĪnd you will find that it is rare that a circuit built in a school Transistors can be regarded as a type of switch, asĬan many electronic components. PDF FILE - CLICK HERE FOR PRINTABLE VERSION OFĬLICK HERE FOR POWERPOINT VERSION OF WORKSHEET
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